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He was the son of Abdullah bin al-Jarrah. His father did not accept Islam but his mother became a true Muslim. He is believed to be the ninth convert to Islam at Makka. He is counted amongst the ten blessed companions and is also a scribe of Divine revelation. He emigrated twice from Makka, first to Abyssinia and then to Medina, and was about 40 years of age at the time of Hijrah to Medina. He participated in all the Ghazwaat (battles led by the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) and in the Battle of Badr, he had an armed duel with his own father. The Quran mentions this as:
"You will not find any people who believe in God and the Last Day, loving those who resist God and His Messenger, even though they were their fathers or their sons or their brothers, or their kindred... ... ..." (58:22).
In the battle of Uhad, the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) was wearing a steel helmet whose hooks pierced his head injuring him. Abu Ubaidah pulled the hooks out with his teeth and lost two of his front teeth. After the death of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ), two main parties represented the assembly of electors. The Ansar party was led by the Khazraj Chief Saad bin Obada and the Muhajirin party was led by Abu Bakr, Umar, and Abu Ubaidah. Later during the Caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar, he commanded the Muslim army in Syria, Iraq, and Palestine. When Umar (رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ) appointed him as the commander in place of Khalid bin Waleed, Khalid said, "O people, the custodian of the Ummah has been appointed over you." This remark was in this light of a saying of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ):
"There is a custodian for every Ummah and Abu Ubaidah is the custodian for this Ummah."
Khalid bin Waleed (رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ) continued to work under Abu Ubaidah (رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ) and the important towns of Heins, Damascus, and Aleppo were captured by Abu Ubaidah. He died during the outbreak of plague in Amwas near al-Jaiya at 58 in 638 A.D.
